History Of Down Syndrome Genetic
Some parents feel responsible for their child’s Down syndrome genetic condition; although doctors widely report that it is, for the most part, a completely random occurrence. They are still looking into what causes Down syndrome on the genetic level. They know that for some reason extra copies of chromosome 21 causes the condition and that the risk of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome increases after age 35. However, it is unknown how to prevent it or treat the condition within the womb. The last big breakthrough came when physicians were able to test for this syndrome, as early as the first trimester.
There are many ways the genetic data of Down syndrome can be damaged or rearranged. For example, in trisomy 21, one parent has two chromosomes located at chromosome #21, rather than one, causing the child to receive two chromosomes from one parent and one from the other parent for a total of three. The Down syndrome child will then have 47 chromosomes, instead of 46. This occurs in 90% of all Down syndrome cases.
With Mosaic syndrome disorder, chromosome 21 gets damaged during cell replication, where two normal chromosomes become three in some cells. People with this disorder have some cells with 46 chromosomes and some cells with 47 and their symptoms may be less severe. This occurs in 2% of all Down syndrome cases. The last type of Down syndrome is called Translocation and occurs when a normal chromosome breaks into two pieces and attaches to another chromosome. This occurs in 3-4% of all Down patients.
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